Shipping
Shipping the art is not included in the sale price. The item/items will be shipped directly from the artist. This is to mitigate damage to the art in transit. The majority of our artists are UK based, however, many are from South Afracica, Europe and the USA.
Once the art is purchased, the artist will contact you to arrange shipping and to make arrangements for the shipping payment. They are also happy to chat and answer any questions you might have.
Please take note that there may be import/export costs payable for international deliveries.
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Artist Bio
My love for both art and wildlife began as early as I can remember, I have always been fascinated by the natural world. As a little girl, I loved watching little animals in the garden and used to like making little dens and homes for hedgehogs and birds. My love for art took me into a very enjoyable and successful teaching career which I did for almost 10 years, where I could share my passion and see youngsters flourish in their creative endeavours. It was during a particularly difficult time in my life that my path took a very unexpected turn and I had to leave my career to care full time for my youngest son. It was also during this time that I picked up my pencils again, initially as a source of therapy, it had been years since I’d created any art for myself and I was hooked. I first started creating pet portraits and then more recently, creating original wildlife portraits. Whilst I do dabble with colour, I mainly work with graphite and charcoal as I love how timeless and dramatic monochrome art can look.
IUCN Red List
The African Savanna Elephant (Loxodonta africana) is assessed as Endangered A2abd. Analysis of estimates from 334 localities across their global range indicates a reduction of more than 50% of the continental population in the past three generations (75 years) that is understood to be continuing and likely irreversible. The continental trend is not, however, spatially uniform; some subpopulations are increasing or stable while others are declining significantly faster than the continental rate. Many local subpopulations have been extirpated.
A generation length (GL) of 25 years is used; calculated in the standard format as the average age of mothers in the population (IUCN SPC 2019, p. 29). This figure is based on analysis of the life table of culled Savanna Elephant family groups in South Africa (Whyte 2001) and a 14-year study of Savanna Elephants in Kenya (Wittemyer et al. 2013) which generated a range of 24.1–25 years.
Subcriterion A2 is applied because some of the major causes for population reduction, such as habitat loss due to human population expansion, have not ceased and are projected to increase in coming decades as well as unlikely to be reversible. The population reduction assessment for subcriterion A2 (considering three generations back) is inferred from published survey data using a modelling approach described in the Supplementary Information document. Density and distribution estimates for the African Savanna Elephant vary in methodology, completeness, regularity, date of first survey and confidence limits. Few credible estimates exist prior to the 1970s, and there is no credible estimate for the continental population more than two generations back. For this Red List assessment, an attempt was made to model the data three generations back to 1940 (see the attached Supplementary Information for description of data that is current as of and up to the end of 2015); however, given the sparseness of information available to inform the model, such modelling was of limited value. Therefore, rather than projecting declines well beyond the available data, we made the assumption that the continental African Savanna Elephant population of three generations back (1940) was equal to that of two generations back (i.e., 1965). Additional assumptions, necessary to fill gaps in the dataset, are detailed in the attached Supplementary Information document.
Subcriterion A3 has not been applied, because although the major threats to the species are known, projecting the level of such threats 25 or more years into the future (i.e., three generations, up to a maximum of 100 years) would likely introduce high levels of uncertainty.
An assessment of population reduction according to subcriterion A4 considering two generations back and one forward is in progress by this team of Assessors (Edwards et al. in prep.). Analysis of poaching and human influence in the recent past and anticipated in the future based upon available data of two representative indices (i.e., proportion of illegal killed elephants (PIKE) and the human footprint index) are being included as covariates in the projection.
Criteria B, C and D are not relevant to the threatened status as the species currently occupies more than 20,000 km2 and there are more than 10,000 mature individuals. No quantitative analysis of the probability of extinction in the wild was conducted, and therefore criterion E does not apply.
Previous Assessments of African Elephant:
This is the first assessment of the African Savanna Elephant (Loxodonta africana) as a species separate from the African Forest Elephant (L. cyclotis).
The African Elephant, as a single species, was listed as Vulnerable (VU A2a) in the 2004 and 2008 updates of the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, under the same IUCN Categories and Criteria used in this assessment (Version 3.1; IUCN 2001).
Previously the African Elephant, as a single species, was listed as Endangered (EN A1b) under the IUCN Categories and Criteria Version 2.3 (IUCN 1994), in an assessment conducted in 1996 by the IUCN SSC African Elephant Specialist Group.
SOURCE: IUCN REDLIST
